PRIVATE PILOT
Practical Test Standards ｆor AIRPLANE (Multi-Engine)
XI. AREA OF OPERATION: MULTIENGINE OPERATIONS
NOTE: If the applicant is instrument rated, and has previously demonstrated instrument proficiency in a multiengine airplane or does not hold an instrument rating airplane, TASKS D and C need not be accomplished
A. TASK: MANEUVERING WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
NOTE: The feathering of one propeller shall be demonstrated in flight, in a multiengine airplane equipped with propellers which can be safely feathered and unfeathered. The maneuver shall be performed at altitudes and positions where safe landings on established airports can be readily accomplished. In the event a propeller cannot be unfeathered during thepractical test, it shall be treated as an emergency.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering with one engine inoperative.
2. Recognizes engine failure and maintains control.
3. Sets the engine controls, reduces drag, identifies and verifies the inoperative engine, and feathers appropriate propeller.
4. Establishes and maintains a bank toward the operating engine as required for best performance in straight and level flight.
5. Follows the prescribed checklists to verify procedures for securing the inoperative engine.
6. Monitors the operating engine and makes necessary adjustments.
7. Demonstrates coordinated flight with one engine inoperative (propeller feathered).
8. Restarts the inoperative engine using appropriate restart procedures.
9. Maintains altitude ±100 feet (30 meters) or minimum sink as appropriate and heading ±10°.
10. Completes the appropriate checklists.
B. TASK: Vmc DEMONSTRATION (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
NOTE 1: An applicant seeking a airplane--multiengine land (AMEL) rating, “Limited to Center Thrust,” is not required to be evaluated on this TASK. NOTE 2: Airplanes with normally aspirated engines will lose power as altitude increases because of the reduced density of the air entering the induction system of the engine. This loss of power will result in a VMC lower than the stall speed at higher altitudes. Therefore, recovery should be made at the first indication of loss of directional control, stall warning, or buffet. Do not perform this maneuver by increasing the pitch attitude to a high angle with both engines operating and then reducing power on the critical engine. This technique is hazardous and may result in loss of airplane control.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to VMC by explaining the causes of loss of directional controls at airspeeds less than VMC, the factors affecting VMC and the safe recovery procedures.
2. Configures the airplane at VSSE/VYSE, as appropriate--
a. Landing gear retracted.
b. Flaps set for takeoff.
c. Cowl flaps set for takeoff.
d. Trim set for takeoff.
e. Propellers set for high RPM.
f. Power on critical engine reduced to idle.
g. Power on operating engine set to takeoff or maximum available power.
3. Establishes a single-engine climb attitude with the airspeed at approximately 10 knots above VSSE.
4. Establishes a bank toward the operating engine, as required for best performance and controllability.
5. Increases the pitch attitude slowly to reduce the airspeed at approximately 1 knot per second while applying rudder pressure to maintain directional control until full rudder is applied.
6. Recognizes indications of loss of directional control, stall warning or buffet.
7. Recovers promptly by simultaneously reducing power sufficiently on the operating engine while decreasing the angle of attack as necessary to regain airspeed and directional control. Recovery SHOULD NOT be attempted by increasing the power on the simulated failed engine.
8. Recovers within 20° of the entry heading.
9. Advances power smoothly on operating engine and accelerates to VXSE/VYSE, as appropriate, +10/--5 knots, during the recovery.
C. TASK: ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT (By Reference to Instruments) (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 61; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-15.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements by explaining the procedures used during instrument flight with one engine inoperative.
2. Recognizes engine failure, sets the engine controls, reduces drag, identifies, and verifies the inoperative engine and feathers appropriate engine propeller.
3. Establishes and maintains a bank toward the operating engine as required for best performance in straight and level.
4. Follows the prescribed checklists to verify procedures for securing the inoperative engine.
5. Monitors the operating engine and makes necessary adjustments.
6. Demonstrates coordinated flight with one engine inoperative.
7. Maintains altitude ±100 feet (30 meters), or minimum sink as appropriate and heading ±10°, bank ±5°, and levels off from climbs and descents within ± 100 feet (30 meters).
D. TASK: INSTRUMENT APPROACH--ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (By Reference to Instruments) (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 61; FAA-H-8083-3, AC 61-27; FAA-S-8081-4.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements by explaining the procedures used during a published instrument approach with one engine inoperative.
2. Recognizes engine failure, sets the engine controls, reduces drag, identifies and verifies the inoperative engine, and feathers appropriate engine propeller.
3. Establishes and maintains a bank toward the operating engine, as required, for best performance in straight and level flight.
4. Follows the prescribed checklists to verify procedures for securing the inoperative engine.
5. Monitors the operating engine and makes necessary adjustments.
6. Requests and receives an actual or a simulated ATC clearance for an instrument approach.
7. Follows the actual or a simulated ATC clearance for an instrument approach.
8. Maintains altitude within 100 feet (30 meters), the airspeed within ±10 knots if within the aircraft’s capability, and heading ±10.
9. Establishes a rate of descent that will ensure arrival at the MDA or DH/DA, with the airplane in a position from which a descent to a landing, on the intended runway can be made, either straight in or circling as appropriate.
10. On final approach segment, no more than three-quarter-scale deflection of the CDI/glide slope indicator. For RMI or ADF indicators, within 10° of the course.
11. Avoids loss of aircraft control, or attempted flight contrary to the engine-inoperative operating limitations of the aircraft.
12. Complies with the published criteria for the aircraft approach category when circling.
13. Completes landing and appropriate checklists.
XII. AREA OF OPERATION: NIGHT OPERATION
TASK: NIGHT PREPARATION (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25, AC 67-2; AIM, POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to night operations by explaining:
1. Physiological aspects of night flying as it relates to vision.
2. Lighting systems identifying airports, runways, taxiways and obstructions, and pilot controlled lighting.
3. Airplane lighting systems.
4. Personal equipment essential for night flight.
5. Night orientation, navigation, and chart reading techniques.
6. Safety precautions and emergencies unique to night flying.
XIII. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES
NOTE: The examiner shall select TASK A and for AMES applicants at least one other TASK.
A. TASK: AFTER LANDING, PARKING, AND SECURING (AMEL and AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after landing, parking and securing procedures.
2. Maintains directional control after touchdown while decelerating to an appropriate speed.
3. Observes runway hold lines and other surface control markings and lighting.
4. Parks in an appropriate area, considering the safety of nearby persons and property.
5. Follows the appropriate procedure for engine shutdown.
6. Completes the appropriate checklist.
7. Conducts an appropriate postflight inspection and secures the aircraft.
B. TASK: ANCHORING (AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to anchoring.
2. Selects a suitable area for anchoring, considering seaplane movement, water depth, tide, wind, and weather changes.
3. Uses an adequate number of anchors and lines of sufficient strength and length to ensure the seaplane's security.
C. TASK: DOCKING AND MOORING (AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to docking and mooring.
2. Approaches the dock or mooring buoy in the proper direction considering speed, hazards, wind, and water current.
3. Ensures seaplane security.
D. TASK: RAMPING/BEACHING (AMES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ramping/beaching.
2. Approaches the ramp/beach considering persons and property, in the proper attitude and direction, at a safe speed, considering water depth, tide, current, and wind.
3. Ramps/beaches and secures the seaplane in a manner that will protect it from the harmful effect of wind, waves, and changes in water level.
