PRIVATE PILOT Practical Test Standards ｆor AIRPLANE (Single Engine)

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION
NOTE: The examiner shall develop a scenario based on real time weather to evaluate TASKs C and D.

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, AC 61-23/FAAH-8083-25; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by:

1. Explaining--
a. private pilot certificate privileges, limitations, and recent flight experience requirements.
b. medical certificate class and duration.
c. pilot logbook or flight records.

2. Locating and explaining--
a. airworthiness and registration certificates.
b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, and POH/AFM.
c. weight and balance data and equipment list.

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airworthiness requirements by:

1. Explaining--
a. required instruments and equipment for day/night VFR.
b. procedures and limitations for determining airworthiness of the airplane with inoperative instruments and equipment with and without an MEL.
c. requirements and procedures for obtaining a special flight permit.

2. Locating and explaining--
a. airworthiness directives.
b. compliance records.
c. maintenance/inspection requirements.
d. appropriate record keeping.

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25, AC 61-84; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to weather information by analyzing weather reports, charts, and forecasts from various sources with emphasis on--
a. METAR, TAF, and FA.
b. surface analysis chart.
c. radar summary chart.
d. winds and temperature aloft chart.
e. significant weather prognostic charts.
f. convective outlook chart.
g. AWOS, ASOS, and ATIS reports.

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available weather information.

D. TASK: CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25, AC 61-84; Navigation Charts; A/FD; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cross-country flight planning by presenting and explaining a pre-planned VFR crosscountry flight, as previously assigned by the examiner. On the day of the practical test, the final flight plan shall be to the first fuel stop, based on maximum allowable passengers, baggage, and/or cargo loads using real-time weather.
2. Uses appropriate and current aeronautical charts.
3. Properly identifies airspace, obstructions, and terrain features.
4. Selects easily identifiable en route checkpoints.
5. Selects most favorable altitudes considering weather conditions and equipment capabilities.
6. Computes headings, flight time, and fuel requirements.
7. Selects appropriate navigation system/facilities and communication frequencies.
8. Applies pertinent information from NOTAMs, AF/D, and other flight publications.
9. Completes a navigation log and simulates filing a VFR flight plan.

E. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 91; Navigation Charts; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining:

1. Basic VFR weather minimums--for all classes of airspace.

2. Airspace classes--their operating rules, pilot certification, and airplane equipment requirements for the following--
a. Class A.
b. Class B.
c. Class C.
d. Class D.
e. Class E.
f. Class G.

3. Special use and other airspace areas.

F. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-1, AC 61-84, POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations by explaining the use of charts, tables, and data to determine performance and the adverse effects of exceeding limitations.

2. Computes weight and balance. Determines the computed weight and center of gravity is within the airplane’s operating limitations and if the weight and center of gravity will remain within limits during all phases of flight.

3. Demonstrates use of the appropriate performance charts, tables, and data.

4. Describes the effects of atmospheric conditions on the airplane's performance.

G. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems on the airplane provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following systems.
1. Primary flight controls and trim.
2. Flaps, leading edge devices, and spoilers.
3. Water rudders (ASES).
4. Powerplant and propeller.
5. Landing gear.
6. Fuel, oil, and hydraulic.
7. Electrical.
8. Avionics
9. Pitot-static vacuum/pressure and associated flight instruments.
10. Environmental.
11. Deicing and anti-icing.

H. TASK: WATER AND SEAPLANE CHARACTERISTICS (ASES)
REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to water and seaplane characteristics by explaining:

1. The characteristics of a water surface as affected by features, such as--
a. size and location.
b. protected and unprotected areas.
c. surface wind.
d. direction and strength of water current.
e. floating and partially submerged debris.
f. sandbars, islands, and shoals.
g. vessel traffic and wakes.
h. other features peculiar to the area.

2. Float and hull construction, and their effect on seaplane performance.

3. Causes of porpoising and skipping, and the pilot action required to prevent or correct these occurrences.

I. TASK: SEAPLANE BASES, MARITIME RULES, AND AIDS TO MARINE NAVIGATION (ASES)
REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to seaplane bases, maritime rules, and aids to marine navigation by explaining:
1. How to locate and identify seaplane bases on charts or in directories.
2. Operating restrictions at various bases.
3. Right-of-way, steering, and sailing rules pertinent to seaplane operation.
4. Marine navigation aids such as buoys, beacons, lights, and sound signals.

J. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS (ASEL and ASES)
REFERENCES: AC 61-23/FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining:

1. The symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective actions of at least three (3) of the following--
a. hypoxia.
b. hyperventilation.
c. middle ear and sinus problems.
d. spatial disorientation.
e. motion sickness.
f. carbon monoxide poisoning.
g. stress and fatigue.
h. dehydration.

2. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.

3. The effects of excesses nitrogen during scuba dives upon a pilot or passenger in flight.