Private Pilot Ground School モドキ

I. FLYING AN AIRPLANE

1. You have to do WALK AROUND INSPECTION before each flight.
   • Check Aircraft's condition (no damage, missing parts, nor blockages, etc)
   • Check Required Inspections
   • Check Required Documents and Certificate
2. Taxi techniques
   • Position of Aileron and Elevator
   • Difference in Tricycle type and Tailwheel Type
3. Wake Turbulence Avoidance
   1. Wingtip Vortex is created when lift is created.
   • Vortex created around wingtip.
   2. It is most dangerous when the airplane is HEAVY ,SLOW and CLEAN.
   3. It tend to sink below the flight path
   • Takeoff following other aircraft
   • Landing following other aircraft
   • Crossing flight path
   4. Jet Blast (especially from a large Jet Engine)
4. Collision Avoidance from other aircraft
   1. Mid-Air Collision is mostly FATAL
   2. Use of Eyes for Avoiding Other Aircraft
      1. Day time: 10 degree sector mechanical scan
      2. Night time: Off center viewing
      3. Avoid white light for 30 minutes before a night flight
   3. Collusion course
      1. when it seems stationary
      2. near the level (height) of a horizon
      3. they are harder to see in collision course
   4. Clearing turn (make sure no planes in any blind spots)
      1. in a High Wing Airplane, before each turns
      2. before each maneuvers turn to Right and Left
      3. on the airway
      4. prior to maneuver,
   5. Use and Turn on
      1. Anti-collusion light any time.
      2. landing lights, at least near an airport
   6. Appearance in Hazy Day.
      1. Aircraft and terrain look further than actual.
      2. Closer than what you think.
   7. VFR, day, clear sky near an airport is the most dangerous
5. Emergency
   1. Engine Failure
      1. Keep the best glide speed (before anything, altitude is only your friend)
      2. Look for the landing spot and turn to there.
      • do NOT attempt to turn around on takeoff
      3. THEN, Trouble shoot
      4. Stop the engine.
      • Fuel shut-off or selector valve = off, Mixture lean to idel cut-off, Ignition switch off,
      5. Transponder 7700
      6. Radio 121.5 (or on frequency your are on. if not, nearest airport, ATC or FSS frequency)
      7. Mayday mayday mayday,... (declare and state your problem, location, # of people etc)
   2. Radio failure
      • Transponder 7600
      • ATC light gun signal for Class-D Airports
   3. High jack (Transponder 7500)
6. Radio phraseology (just for passing a written exam)
   1. Altitude: 10,500 feet= One zero thousand five hundred feet
   2. Call FSS: Oakland FSS = Oakland radio
   3. N-number: N123SF = November One Two Three Sierra Foxtrot
   4. Ground Control (ATC)
      1. Runway 13 = don't mean enter or cross the runway 13. Requires clear instruction.
      2. Crossing a runway = need a clearance or instruction from ATC
      3. You should contact ground control after landing WHEN ADVISED BY TOWER,
   5. Traffic advisory 'Traffic 2 o' clock." is based on your ground track, not heading.
7. Emergency Locator Transmitter　=　ELT
   1. Emits signal when detect high impact, and rescue begins
   2. Frequency:
      • 121.5 (and 243.0) MHz for analog signal, and
      • 406 MHz for digital signal with more information included (and will replace analog ELT)
   3. The battery must be charged (or replaced)
      • each 1 cumulative hour
      • after 50% of their useful life is expired.
   4. ELT may tested only on the ground during the first 5 minutes after the hour.
      • for analog ELTs.
      • upto 3 sweeps.
      • Airborne Test are NOT authorized
      • for digital, follow manufacture's instructions
   5. Check ELT after each flight if it is not activated.
8. VHF/DF=Direction finder
   • Most FSS and some Tower
   • DF helps the pilot to find the direction from the station.
   • Two-way radio communication equipment is required to receive the support
9. Time Zones
   • Convert to (or from) Zulu Time (UTC) from (or to) Local Time
   • Uses of Time Zone Chart
10. Notice to Airman = NOTAM
    • To inform a time critical information which could affect any flight
    • temporary nature
    • not sufficiently known in advance to be published
    • types of NOTAM
      1. NOTAM-D
      2. FDC NOTAM
      3. Pointer NOTAM
      4. Special Use Airspace NOTAM
      5. Military NOTAM
    • NOTAM (L) does NOT exist
11. Flight plan
    • For VFR, it is recommended
    • For IFR or DVFR, you have to
    • Let people know you are flying, if you don't return, they will look for you
      1. For a VFR flight, FILE your flight plan by a phone, internet, DUAT, radio, or in person to FSS before takeoff,　
      2. OPEN your flight plan on the radio after takeoff,
      3. May report progress (position report) or amend as needed
      4. CLOSE your flight plan by the radio or phone with FSS (or ground control).
      5. Don't forget to close or police, rescue and military will be looking for you.
    • When filing, foloow the format or use Form 7233-1
12. Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD)
    1. A book contains airport, navaid, and other data
    2. issued every 56 day
    3. Check NOTAM before flight
13. Advisory Circulars AC
    1. to provide aviation information and/or help to comply FARs, but not regulatory
    2. AC numbers are corresponds to FAR subchapter title: such as....
    • 60: Airman
    • 70 Airspace
    • 90 General Operation and ATC
    3. issued by FAA and printed by government printing office.
    4. Some are toll, some are free. (Now on the the FAA Web Site for free)
    5. Some AC's are changed to Handbook, such as Airplane Flying Handbook